Portal de Boas Práticas em Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente

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The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 2010. New VBAC Guidelines: What they mean to you and your patients Childbirth is a joyous, safe experience for most mothers in the US, and ob-gyns play the leading role in delivering their care. Yet the US lags behind other industrialized nations in healthy births, and we know very little about why. The growing rate of maternal deaths in this country is a significant and deeply troubling problem. The US maternal mortality ratio has doubled in the past 20 years, reversing years of progress. Increasing cesarean deliveries, obesity, increasing maternal age, and changing population demographics each contribute to the trend.In 2008 the cesarean delivery rate reached another record high—32.3% of all births. There is a community not far from my home in which 45% of the newborns are delivered via an abdominal incision. Let me be very honest. This increase in cesarean delivery rate grieves me because it seems as if we are changing the culture of birth. While it is certainly true that a physician has a contract with an individual patient, our specialty has a covenant with our society.ACOG's "Making Obstetrics and Maternity Safer" (MOMS) initiative is a comprehensive, multi-pronged approach to this challenge. The goals of MOMS include understanding and reducing premature births, improving data collection on maternal and infant health, and focusing on obesity research and prevention. ACOG Today will include more on MOMS next month.
Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2015: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. When the global commitment was first made in 2000 to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), United Nations (UN) Member States pledged to work towards a three-quarters reduction in the 1990 maternal mortality ratio (MMR; maternal deaths per 100 000 live births) by 2015. This objective (MDG 5A), along with achieving universal access to reproductive health (MDG 5B), formed the two targets for MDG 5: Improve maternal health. In the years counting down to the conclusion of the MDGs, a number of initiatives were established to galvanize efforts towards reducing maternal mortality. These included the UN Secretary-General’s Global Strategy for Women's and Children’s Health, which mobilized efforts towards achieving MDG (Improve child health) as well as MDG 5, and the high-level Commission on Information and Accountability (COIA), which promoted "global reporting, oversight, and accountability on women's and children's health". To build upon the momentum generated by MDG 5, a transformative new agenda for maternal health has been laid out as part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): to reduce the global MMR to less than 70 per 100 000 live births by 2030 (SDG 3.1). The recent World Health Organization (WHO) publication, Strategies toward ending preventable maternal mortality (EPMM), establishes a supplementary national target that no country should have an MMR greater than 140 per 100.000 live births, and outlines a strategic framework for achieving these ambitious targets by 2030. This report presents global, regional and country-level estimates of trends in maternal mortality between 1990 and 2015. Chapter 2 describes in detail the methodology employed to generate the estimates. Chapter 3 provides the estimates and interpretation of the findings. Chapter 4 assesses performance in terms of MDG 5, discusses implications of the estimates for future efforts towards achieving SDG 3.1, and closes by underlining the importance of improved data quality for estimating maternal mortality. The annexes to this report present an overview of the definitions and common approaches for measuring maternal mortality, the sources of data for the country estimates, and MMR estimates for the different regional groupings for WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, the World Bank Group and the UNPD.