Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas): Epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and natural history

Elizabeth A Stewart. MD, et al. Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas): Epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and natural history. Post TW, ed. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc. https://www.uptodate.com

Uterine leiomyomas (also referred to as fibroids or myomas) are the most common pelvic tumor in females [1,2]. They are noncancerous monoclonal tumors arising from the smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts of the myometrium. They arise in reproductive-age females and, when symptomatic, typically present with symptoms of abnormal uterine bleeding and/or pelvic pain/pressure. Uterine fibroids may also have reproductive effects (eg, infertility, adverse pregnancy outcomes).

The epidemiology, diagnosis, and natural history of uterine leiomyomas are reviewed here. Leiomyoma histology and pathogenesis, management of uterine leiomyomas, differentiating leiomyomas from uterine sarcomas, and leiomyoma variants are discussed separately. (See “Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas): Treatment overview” and “Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas): Histology and pathogenesis” and “Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas): Differentiating fibroids from uterine sarcomas” and “Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas): Variants and smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential”.)

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