Breastfeeding, Genetic, Obstetric and other Risk Factors Associated with …

Tess, Beatriz H.1,3,4,6; Rodrigues, Laura C.1; Newell, Marie-Louise2; Dunn, David T.2; Lago, Tania D.G.3Sao Paulo Collaborative Study for Vertical Transmission of HIV-1 Breastfeeding, genetic, obstetric and other risk factors associated with mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, AIDS: March 26th, 1998 – Volume 12 – Issue 5 – p 513-520.

Objectives
To evaluate the effect of maternal, obstetric, neonatal and post-natal factors on the risk of vertical transmission of HIV-1.

Design
Multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Setting
Obstetric and paediatric clinics in four cities in Sao Paulo State, Brazil.

Main outcome
Child’s HIV-1 infection status.

Methods
Data were collected by standardized record abstraction and interview on 553 children born to women identified as HIV-1-infected before or at delivery. Paediatric infection was determined by immunoglobulin G anti-HIV-1 tests at age 18 months or by AIDS diagnosis at any age. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the effect of potential risk factors on vertical transmission of HIV-1.

Results
HIV-1 infection status was determined for 434 children (follow-up rate of 78%); 69 were classified as HIV-1-infected [transmission risk, 16%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 13-20%]. In multivariate analysis, advanced maternal HIV-1 disease [odds ratio (OR), 4.5; 95% CI, 2.1-9.5], ever breastfed (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2-4.2), child’s negative Rhesus blood group (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.2-5.5), third trimester amniocentesis (OR, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.2-13.5) and black racial group (OR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9) were independently and significantly associated with mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. Transmission was increased marginally with prematurity, more than 10 lifetime sexual partners and prolonged duration of membrane rupture. No association was found between child’s HIV-1 infection and mode of delivery or serological evidence of syphilis during pregnancy.

Conclusion
These findings support the importance of severity of maternal HIV-1 disease in the risk of vertical transmission of HIV-1, indicate measures to reduce transmission by avoiding amniocentesis and breastfeeding and suggest that race and Rhesus blood type may be markers for genetic susceptibility to infection.

Disponível Em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/>